Shipping across the country might seem simple: box it, label it, and send it. But when it comes to US shipping, logistics are only half the story—especially for large or freight shipments. State and federal laws govern what you can ship, how it must be packaged, and where it can legally go, particularly for regulated items like alcohol, batteries, plants, or furniture.
Overlooking these regulations can lead to major delays, penalties, or even legal issues. Whether you’re sending small parcels or freight across state lines, this guide breaks down the essentials of US shipping laws so your business can stay compliant and ship with confidence.
The Basics of Shipping Within the US
For oversized items like furniture, uShip offers both traditional freight services like LTL and FTL, and access to independent carriers, who often provide more flexible, cost-effective solutions better suited for residential and in-home deliveries.
Regardless of what you’re shipping, staying compliant means knowing:
- What can and can’t be shipped
- Packaging requirements
- State and federal regulations
Understanding Shipping Compliance
Shipping compliance is about more than following a checklist. It involves identifying prohibited items, understanding carrier rules, and preparing packages correctly.
Prohibited Items (Cannot Be Shipped)
Some goods are strictly banned by carriers and federal law:
- Explosives, fireworks, ammunition
- Flammable materials (e.g., gasoline, some paints)
- Toxic substances or illegal narcotics
- Certain infectious agents
- Liquids not properly packaged
Shipping prohibited items may violate carrier terms and federal law, resulting in serious consequences.
Note: While liquids are not inherently banned, improper packaging violates carrier guidelines. Most require:
- Leakproof containers
- Secondary containment (e.g., sealed plastic bags)
- Absorbent padding
- Ground transport only (for pressurized or hazardous liquids)
Restricted Items (Ship With Caution)
These require special packaging, labeling, or documentation:
- Aerosol canisters: Must ship via ground only due to pressure risks.
- Batteries (especially lithium): Follow strict rules on packaging, labeling (e.g., UN numbers), and whether they’re damaged or installed.
- Liquids: Use sealed containers in leak-proof bags with absorbent cushioning.
- Perishables: Use insulation and cooling (e.g., dry ice) and label for gas release.
- Alcohol: Only licensed businesses can ship, and only into states that permit it.
How to Ship to Another State: Key Legal Considerations
Shipping between states means navigating both federal and state laws. Here’s how different product categories are regulated.
Alcohol Shipments
Each state has its own Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) laws. Some require shipping permits, limit quantities, or mandate adult signatures. Others ban direct-to-consumer (DTC) shipments altogether.
Example: A California winery may ship to New York with a license but not to Utah, which prohibits DTC wine shipping.
Plants and Agriculture
States often quarantine plants or require inspections to prevent pest spread. For instance, Arizona may restrict citrus plant imports from Florida due to pest concerns.
Products impacted:
- Nursery stock
- Produce
- Firewood
- Seeds
Firearms and Ammunition
Shipping firearms is typically limited to Federal Firearm License (FFL) holders. Rules vary by state—some restrict firearm types or magazine capacities.
Sales Tax Nexus
Shipping goods into another state may trigger a sales tax nexus. This means your business might need to collect and remit tax in that state based on sales volume or transaction count.
State-Specific Licenses
Some states require licenses for items like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, or even bedding. Always research regulations for your product category before shipping.
Packaging, Labeling, and Documentation
Proper preparation is essential for legal, damage-free deliveries.
1. Packaging Best Practices
- Use strong materials: Choose boxes rated for your item’s weight.
- Apply standard packing methods: Bubble wrap, foam, or peanuts for cushioning.
- Seal securely: Use pressure-sensitive packing tape.
- Special handling: Use double-boxing for liquids, crating for furniture, and pallets for freight.
2. Labeling Requirements
- Accurate address labels: Include full return and delivery info.
- Remove old labels: Never reuse boxes without removing prior barcodes.
- Correct placement: Place new labels on the largest flat surface.
- Add hazard labels as needed: Lithium battery warnings, orientation arrows, etc.
3. Required Shipping Documents
- Bill of Lading (BOL): Required for all LTL/FTL freight. It acts as a legal contract and receipt.
- Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods: Needed for regulated HazMat items, signed by trained staff.
- Commercial Invoice or Packing List: Recommended for transparency and inventory tracking.
Large Shipments: Shipping Furniture Across States
Shipping furniture requires additional planning, especially when using freight services.
Choose the Right Carrier or Freight Option
At uShip, you can choose the best option for your needs and budget:
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Independent Carriers: Ideal for single pieces or specialty furniture. Many offer in-home pickup, delivery, or white-glove service at lower costs than traditional freight.
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LTL (Less Than Truckload): Best for shipping multiple items that don’t fill a full truck. Great for businesses moving furniture as inventory.
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FTL (Full Truckload): Suitable for large-scale moves or shipments that require a dedicated vehicle.
Pack Furniture Properly
While some preparation is up to you, most carriers on uShip offer blanket-wrapping as part of their service, protecting your furniture during loading and transit. Still, you can take a few extra steps:
- Disassemble larger items to reduce risk and save space
- Use edge protectors or shrink wrap if your carrier doesn’t include these
- Crate fragile or high-value pieces when added stability is needed
Plan for Delivery
- Notify carriers if pickup/drop-off is at a residence
- Request liftgate service if no loading dock is available
- Consider adding full-value insurance
Staying Compliant with US Shipping Regulations
Compliance isn’t a one-time task. Keep your shipping process aligned with evolving rules.
Ongoing Best Practices
- Train your staff: Ensure everyone handling shipping is up to date on rules.
- Use carrier resources: Bookmark carrier guidelines and restricted items lists.
- Verify state laws regularly: Especially for alcohol, plants, and other regulated items.
- Check documentation: Incomplete BOLs or missing hazard declarations can delay or cancel shipments.
- Leverage shipping software: Automate label printing, document storage, and tracking.
- Ask for help: Consult experts or compliance teams when in doubt.
- Conduct internal audits: Spot issues before regulators or carriers do.
Risks of Noncompliance
- Operational delays: Shipments held, returned, or confiscated
- Fines and penalties: From federal/state regulators or carriers
- Legal action: Civil or criminal liability
- Loss of carrier access: Carriers may suspend your account
- Reputation damage: With customers, partners, and regulators
Conclusion
When it comes to US shipping, knowledge is protection. Understand federal and state laws, follow proper packing and labeling procedures, and stay current with documentation requirements. Whether you’re shipping small parcels or furniture across states, compliance is key to avoiding fines, delays, and legal risk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can my business ship alcohol to customers in other states?
Yes, but only if you’re licensed and the destination state permits it. Regulations vary widely by state and alcohol type.
What everyday items are banned from US shipping?
Items like explosives, flammable liquids, illegal drugs, and certain toxic substances are prohibited.
Do state laws apply to businesses shipping plants across state lines?
Yes. Many states restrict certain plants or require quarantine and certification.
How do businesses ship furniture across the US?
Businesses ship furniture across the US by using uShip’s network of independent carriers—often the best option for large or delicate items—and, when needed, LTL or FTL freight services. To ensure a smooth delivery, shipments should be packed securely and include details like residential access or liftgate requirements.
What happens if my business violates US shipping laws?
Violations may result in delays, penalties, account suspension, legal action, or loss of shipping privileges.
TL;DR: What to Know About US Shipping Laws
Shipping across the US involves more than just logistics—it requires compliance with federal and state regulations. From knowing what items are restricted or prohibited to properly labeling and documenting your shipments, staying compliant protects your business from fines, delays, and legal risks. This is especially important when shipping large items or regulated products like alcohol and plants.
Key Takeaways:
- Understand what you’re shipping: Some items are banned or need special handling.
- Follow state rules: Laws vary for alcohol, agriculture, firearms, and business licenses.
- Use correct packaging and documentation: Proper prep avoids costly errors.
- Train your team and use tools: Stay current on shipping laws and automate where possible.
- Don’t guess: When in doubt, consult carriers or legal experts.
Ready to Ship Smarter?
Avoid the risks and hassles of non-compliant shipping. List your shipment on uShip and get matched with reliable carriers today.
